IN WHICH COUNTRY AND WHEN WAS PAPER BILL FIRST USED

 

Which country was the first to use paper bills? 

Paper bills were first used by the Chinese, who began collecting money during the Tang dynasty (618–907) – mostly in the form of privately issued bills of credit or notes of exchange – and the practice Used it for more than 500 years before. It began to take hold in Europe in the 17th century. While it took a century or two for paper money to spread to the rest of the world, China was already going through a fairly advanced financial crisis: production of paper notes increased until their value decreased. which led to an increase in inflation. As a result, China abolished paper currency in 1455 and would not adopt it again for several hundred years. Another not-so-known fact: The word cash was originally used in the Tang dynasty to describe the type of round bronze coins with square holes commonly used, called kai-yuan.

When were paper bills first used? 

Paper currency in the United States dates back to 1690 and represents bills of credit or IOUs. The U.S. in 1861 to help finance the Civil War. New currencies were introduced in In 1996, a series of bills were introduced that used new methods to prevent counterfeiting.

TRIBAL WOMEN SET UP A COMPANY WORTH CRORES BY SELLING HERBAL POWDER

Tribal women selling herbal powder by forming a company, annual turnover exceeds one crore

Some tribal women of Sheopur district located in Gwalior region of Madhya Pradesh have written a new story of self-reliance. She is now running her own company. Proudly manufactures powders of herbs and supplies to companies manufacturing ayurvedic products. The turnover of his company has reached one crore rupees annually. Now his profit has almost doubled. The name of the company of these women is Saharia Mahila Minor Forest Produce Storage Producer Limited. Six thousand women are associated with this company, who are removing the financial problems of their families.

Government scheme help 

The story begins in the forests of Karahal-Vijaipur in Sheopur district. Jamuna tribals and some other tribal women used to bring herbs from these forests, make powder and sell them at retail to local traders at very low prices. Dr. SK Mudgal, District Project Officer of MP Aajeevika Mission came to know about this. According to Dr. Mudgal, from the year 2016, the Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India had started a special program to improve the condition of tribal women. Under this, an organization named Access Development Service of Delhi provided training to these Sahariya tribal women for three months in Bhopal, Jabalpur, Sawai Madhopur (Rajasthan) etc. for the identification of herbs and their specialty. After this the women formed the Saharia Mahila Minor Forest Produce Producer Limited Company. 

Equal share of profit 

Jamuna became the director of the tribal company and made six women members. Then six thousand women were made share holders in the company by taking Rs 100-100. Together they entered into contracts to find the herb, make its powder and sell it to big companies. The result was that now the annual turnover of the company is one to 1.25 crore rupees. Out of this, the amount of profit is distributed among all the six thousand shareholder women.

Used to get less money in retail business 

In Sheopur district, 48 collection centers have been set up to buy herbs. Here women buy herbs on commission basis and sort them and send them to the warehouse, where they are then sorted and packed into powder of the best herbs. Jamuna Adivasi, director of the company, says that earlier local traders used to take powder from 50 to 70 rupees per kg, now big companies give 100 to 150 rupees per kg.

A decoction worth Rs 12 lakh sold during the Corona period 

These women came from the forest Amla, Bael, Bell pulp, Bahera, Dhawda Gum, Salai Gum, Shatavar, Van Tulsi, Bhringraj, Shankhpushpi, Dhencha, Gudmar leaves, Chir Gum, Giloy, Ashwagandha, Mahua and many other types of plants and herbs. - Stores herbs. During the Corona period, when the work was stopped due to not being able to reach the powder companies, then these women, showing understanding, prepared an immunity-boosting decoction of herbs and sold a decoction worth more than Rs 12 lakh in two months.
Earlier we used to sell the powder to local traders, then we get less profit, now if we sell it to big companies, we get double the price. About eight thousand women are getting benefits directly or indirectly from this. It is like a dream come true of us tribal women.

INDIAN APP CAME TO LEAVE TRUECALLER

Truecaller app is one such app which is in almost everyone's phone. Now the Indian version of the same has come to compete with the trucker, whose name is Bharatcaller.

While promoting Make in India, many apps have been made in India which have replaced foreign apps. On August 15, 2021, India-made Bharatcaller app has been launched to compete with the caller ID app Truecaller. The creator of this app says that they are ahead of Truecaller in some respects and Indians will find this app better than Truecaller.

What is Bharatcaller app 

Bharatcaller app is a caller id app made by some engineers of India. Prajwal Sinha, an alumnus of IIM Bangalore and a key member of the app's production team, says that this app can become an alternative to Truecaller in India and is completely secure. Prajwal says that some time ago the Indian Army had banned the trucker in India. At this time Prajjwal and his friend realized that India does not have and should have its own Caller ID app. That's when he decided to make this app.

What is special in Bharatcaller app

This app is different from other apps in such a way that it does not save the contacts and call logs of its users on its server so that there is no impact on the privacy of the users. Also, the head data of this app is stored in encrypted format and its server cannot be used by anyone outside India. Hence Bharatcaller app is completely secure and user-friendly. Bharatcaller has been launched in various Indian languages ​​like English, Hindi, Tamil, Gujarati, Bangla, Marathi etc. The reason behind this is to make the app inclusive, so that every Indian can choose the language of his own pleasure and his choice and use the app in that language. All users using Android and iOS can download this app.

How was this app made?

Prajwal says that after three months of research, work on this app started in December 2020 and it took six months to be fully ready. After the success of the trials, the first version of this app was launched, which is worth using for about 10 million users. The makers of Bharatcaller say that they still haven't been able to get their app where it can compete with other such apps of international level. Updates are in process and improvements are being made to AI based algorithms. He says that he still has a lot more work to do.

MARTIN COOPER,EDUCATION,NET WORTH,CAREER

Martin "Marty" Cooper (born December 26, 1928) is an American engineer. He is a leader in the wireless communications industry, with eleven patents specifically in the radio spectrum management field. At Motorola in the 1970s, Cooper invented the first handheld cellular mobile phone in 1973 and led the team that developed it and brought it to market in 1983. Martin is considered "the father of the (handheld) cell phone" and is also cited as the first person in history to publicly call the handheld cellular phone. Cooper co-founder of several communications companies with his wife and business partner Arlene Harris; He is the co-founder and current president of Diana LLC in Del Mar, Calif. Cooper also sits on committees supporting the US Federal Communications Commission and the United States Department of Commerce. In 2010, Cooper was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for leadership in the manufacture and deployment of cellular portable handheld telephones. 

Education

Martin was born in Chicago to Ukrainian Jewish immigrants. He graduated from the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) in 1950. After graduation he served as a submarine officer during the Korean War. In 1957, he joined IIT. Master's degree in Electrical Engineering from

Work and Career

At Motorola, Cooper worked on several projects involving wireless communications, such as the first radio-controlled traffic-light system he patented in 1960, and the first handheld police radio, introduced in 1967. He later served as the Vice President. and Director of Research and Development for the company (1978-83). Mobile telephones were introduced by the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (AT&T) in 1946. However, only 11 or 12 channels were available in a given area, so users often had to wait to use the system. Another weakness of the first mobile phones was that a large amount of power to run them could only be supplied from the car's battery. Thus, there were no truly portable phones but only car phones. In 1947, AT&T Bell Laboratories engineers W. Rae Young and Douglas H. Ring showed that breaking up a large area into several smaller cells could add more mobile users, but this required greater frequency coverage than was needed at the time. However, in 1968 the U.S. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) asked AT&T for plans to employ a little-used portion of the UHF (ultrahigh frequency) television band. AT&T proposed a cellular architecture to expand its car-phone service. Motorola did not want AT&T to have a monopoly on cell phones and feared the loss of its mobile business. Cooper was put in charge of the immediate project to develop the cell phone. He thought that cell phones should not be chained to the car but should be portable. The result, the DynaTAC (Dynamic Adaptive Total Area Coverage) phone, was 23 cm (9 in) long and weighed 1.1 kg (2.5 lb). This allowed it to talk for 35 minutes before its battery drained. On April 3, 1973, Cooper presented the DynaTAC phone at a press conference in New York City. To make sure it worked ahead of the press conference, he made the first public cell phone call to AT&T's rival project chief Joel Engel, saying he was calling from a portable cellular phone. In 1983, after years of further development, Motorola introduced the first portable cell phone to consumers, the DynaTAC 8000x. Despite the $3,995 price tag, the phone was a success. That same year, Cooper left Motorola and joined Cellular Business Systems, Inc. (CBSI), which became a leader in billing of cellular phone services. In 1986 he and his partners sold CBSI to Cincinnati Bell for $23 million, and he and his wife, Arlene Harris, founded Diana, LLC. Diana served as a central organization from which she launched other companies, such as Airecom (1996), which developed software for wireless systems, and Greatcall (2006), which provided wireless service for Jitterbug. , a cell phone that meant simple features. Elderly. Cooper received the Charles Stark Draper Award from the National Academy of Engineering in 2013.

What is Martin Cooper's net worth? 

Martin "Marty" Cooper is an American inventor who has a net worth of $600 million. Cooper will always be remembered as the man who invented the cellular phone. Known as the "father of the handheld cellular phone", he developed the first cellular portable handheld police radio system in 1967, and he conceived the first portable cellular phone for Motorola. On April 3, 1973, Martin became the first person to publicly make a cell phone call, and the recipient of that phone call was AT&T's Joel S. Engel was.

BOOK CORONA VACCINE SLOT SITTING AT HOME IN WHATSAPP, KNOW THE FULL WAY

The Kovid vaccination campaign is going on in full swing in India. According to experts, vaccination is the only way to prevent the corona epidemic. Apart from CoWin for Vaccine, there are many apps which give you a chance to register for Corona Vaccine. There are already a variety of websites and apps available for you to know about slots. Despite this, on Tuesday, Health Minister Mansukh Mandaviya has put forward another way to book slots in front of the people. Now if you send 'Book Slot' to MyGovIndia Corona Helpdesk via WhatsApp, your vaccination slot will be booked. For this you have to WhatsApp on mobile number 9013151515. You can book your slot by verifying yourself with OTP. Let us tell you that from May 1, people in the age group of 18-45 are being given corona vaccine in the country. The central government is trying to ensure that there is no shortage of vaccine stocks. However, there are still many questions in the minds of people regarding the corona vaccine. Like whether the vaccine is effective or not, where will you have to go if you apply the vaccine, you can also get such information through WhatsApp from this mobile number, before WhatsApp, only information was available, recently MyGovIndia's Corona Helpdesk has given many Features have been added. Now you can get many types of information from booking slots to WhatsApp as well. Let us know that the MyGov Corona Helpdesk Chatbot was launched last year. Now when you book a vaccination slot through WhatsApp, you need to send it by typing 'BOOK SLOTS'. You will get the information of Corona Vaccine Center on WhatsApp itself. After this, you will be asked in a few steps the name of the place, pin code and many types of information about the vaccine.

LET'S KNOW HOW THE TRUTH IS PREPARED

 

 

Makhana is delicious and nutritious to eat, even today traditional methods areadopted in its preparation, which is very complicated, how Makhana is transported from the farm to the market and our home. Let us know that the fruits of Makhana are very prickly, so later they go under water and sit down. After about 1 to 2 months, all the thorns melt, after which the farmers collect the flowers of Makhana in the month of September to October. After this its seeds are dried in strong sunlight. The country receives foreign exchange of 22 to 25 crores annually from Makhana exports. Traders send Makhana from Bihar to states like Delhi, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, use of agricultural chemicals in the cultivation of Makhana, due to which it is also called organic food. There are very few things that take care of your health along with the taste. In such a situation, Makhana can prove to be a boon for you.

Makhane Seed Collection

Makhana harvesting is a lengthy process that requires skilled labor. The harvesting of the crop usually starts at 7:00 am and continues till around 5:00 pm. It is difficult to get seeds from the bottom of the pond, but now Makhana is also cultivated in the field, it is relatively easy to collect the seeds from the field.

Seed cleaning and storage

Once the seeds are collected, they are deposited in a horn-shaped device called 'ganja'. The re-vibration process is carried out in a cylindrical device to further clean them. After cleaning, these seeds are left to dry in the sun for a few hours and then packed in small bags. Makhana seeds lose up to 3 percent moisture in direct sunlight, which makes them easy to take to commercial markets. The seeds can be kept at home for a long time. Long and cylindrical bamboo sticks are used to preserve the seeds. These are further covered with cow dung and plastered. It is also carefully covered with a thick cloth to maintain the required temperature.

Makhana Grading

Now the processed seeds are sieved several times for grading. The grading process involves makhana seeds of varying sizes in some Indian states, separated by separate sieves, which are essentially rectangular iron plates, also known as 'jharnas'. Sometimes the seeds are made to pass through 10 different sieves. These graded seeds are then safely stored in separate packings. Seed grading enables uniform heating of each nut during roasting and this increases the efficiency of processing of makhana. There are generally two types of seeds at the producer level - lava and thuri. While the lava is swollen and white in color with reddish spots, the thurri is half-roasted and is very hard and reddish in colour. 

Pre-heating 

Sun-dried makhana seeds are usually heated in a cast iron or earthen pitcher by placing them on the fire and stirring continuously. The surface temperature of the pan varies from 250°C – 3000°C and the heating time at full capacity of the earthen pot is about 5 to 6 minutes.

Seed tempering

Hot seeds need to be kept in ambient and suitable conditions for three days, which is also called as tempering of makhana seeds. This process helps loosen the kernels within the hard shell of the seed. 

Roasting and cracking seeds

Roasting the makhana seeds immediately after drying is done at high temperature and is usually done in a cast iron pan with constant stirring. This further ensures that they last for a long time, otherwise they have a tendency to deteriorate. Once the fried seeds have cooled down, these seeds are cleaned by hand, cleaned with a wooden object until a white puff comes out of the black colored seeds. With the breaking of the shell, the kernel ejects and immediately expands and doubles its size. It is Makhana Pop or Lava. It is important that no residue of the black seeds is left on the doubly expanded white puff and they are kept in packets to be sold in the markets.

Polishing

The seeds of Makhana have to go through the process of polishing by rubbing them together in bamboo baskets. Polishing smooths the surface, providing pop more whiteness and shine.

packaging

Polythene bags and simple jute sacks of different sizes are also used to pack the popped makhana.The fruits of Makhana are very prickly, so later they go under water and sit down. After about 1 to 2 months, all the thorns melt, after which the farmers collect the flowers of Makhana in the month of September to October. After this its seeds are dried in strong sunlight.

WHO BOUGHT YOUTUBE

YouTube is a great video sharing and video watching platform where YouTube members can upload their own videos as well as watch someone else's videos. It was founded by three former PayPal employees, Chad Hurley, Steve Chan and Jawed Karim. Created in February 2005, was bought by Google in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion. YouTube includes video clips, TV shows, music videos, movie trailers, live streams, etc. Some people also use it as video blogging. While non-registered members can only watch videos, registered members can also add comments to videos. Certain videos that contain defamation, harassment, nudity, incitement to an offense or are deadly to people under the age of 18 may only be viewed by registered members aged 18+. YouTube earns its revenue from Google Adsense, which shows its ads according to the site's content and audience. Most of the videos in this can be seen for free, but some videos have to be paid to watch. You can pay for a YouTube Premium subscription, which lets you watch tons of videos without ads, as well as some of the videos on YouTube Premium that you can only watch by purchasing a YouTube Premium subscription.

FIRST UPLOADED VIDEO ON YOUTUBE

The first video uploaded to YouTube is Me at the Zoo, in which co-founder Jawed Karim is shown at the San Diego Zoo. This was uploaded on Saturday, April 23rd, 2005 at 8:27 pm. It can still be viewed on YouTube. Javed had created an account on YouTube on the same day. The nineteen-second video was taken by Yaakov Lapitsky at the San Diego Zoo, with Karim revealing himself to the elephants, and admiring its elongated trunk.

HOW LONG DOES AN ANT LIVE

Ants are unique and interesting creatures that's why some scientists call them a "miracle of nature." When it comes to a specific species of ants and their queens, there is a large average lifespan difference, with the queen being the longest-lived of all. Some queens can live more than 15 years, while some have also been recorded as 28. The average lifespan of carpenter ants is 7 to 10 years, black garden ants up to 15 years and pharaoh ants between 4. and 12 years.

Ant Species – Black Garden Ant, Pharaoh Ant, Red Ant, Carpenter Ant etc.
Ant species - male, female, worker ant or queen.

NEW FEATURE ON WHATSAPP, PHOTOS WILL DISAPPEAR ON SIGHT, USE "VIEW ONCE" LIKE THIS

WhatsApp has added a new privacy feature to its platform. The name of this feature is "View Once". Photos and videos sent through this feature disappear once viewed. As well as disappearing from the chat, a video or photo sent as part of the View Once feature will not be saved in the gallery of the opposite user's phone. A similar feature was launched by Instagram a long time ago.

How is it different from Disappearing Message? 

Actually, the Disappearing Message feature is already available on WhatsApp. Photos and videos sent through this feature automatically disappear after 7 days. However, those messages will remain in the chat for 7 days, which is a very long time. In such a situation, users felt the need of the View Once feature, in which the media file would disappear immediately. The new feature has been released for all users, here we are telling how to use it.

Using the View Once feature

1. First of all open WhatsApp.
2. Go to the chat or group where you want to send the photo or video.
3. Now click on the attachment button given below.
4. Now select the picture you want to send through camera or gallery.
5. Now you will see the icon of View Once at the bottom. Tap on it.
6. If you are enabling the feature for the first time, then you will see the details written about it.
7. Here the options of Learn more and OK will be found. Tap on OK.
8. In this way the View Once feature will be set on the photo.
9. Tap the send button to send the photo.
10. As soon as the person in front sees the picture, it will disappear. Instead of the photo, now only Open will be written there.