KNOW HOW GLASS IS MADE FROM SAND

Sand melts at an extremely high temperature of 3090 degrees Fahrenheit. When sand reaches its melting point it undergoes a complete transformation. The structure changes as it becomes amorphous - neither quite liquid nor quite solid. This material is very unique and forms a moldable material from which glass is made.

Glass is an amorphous solid material. Glass is usually brittle and often optically transparent. Glass or glass is that transparent or opaque material made of inorganic materials from which vial, bottle etc. are made. The first glass was manufactured in Egypt in ancient times. From this point of view, all those solids are called glass, which do not acquire a crystalline structure on cooling from the liquid state to the solid state. Soda-lime glass is the cheapest and most common glass, also called soft glass, which is used to make tube lights, daily use utensils and laboratory equipment. Soda-lime glass contains about 75% silica (SiO2), sodium oxides (Na2O) and lime (CaO) and many other small amounts. Glass i.e. SiO2 which is an integral part of sand. Sand and some other materials are melted in a furnace at about 1500 degrees Celsius and then this molten glass is poured drop by drop into the grooves to make the desired object. Suppose a bottle is being made, after pouring molten glass into the groove, further work is done on the surface of the bottle and it is then passed through a furnace. Glint glass is used in making electric bulb, camera and telescope lens.
Crook's Glass - It is used in the manufacture of sunglasses.
Crown Glass - It is used in making lenses of other glasses.
Pyrex Glass - It is used in making laboratory equipment. This glass has high thermal shock resistance.
Photo Chromatic Glass- There is a special type of glass, which turns black in intense light. This property is due to the presence of silver chloride in it.
Potassium chloride is used to make glass hard.

 History 

According to legend, the glass was discovered by humans when some merchants offered food vessels on shoals on the coast of Phoenicia in Syria. When the fire was ignited, he saw a stream of liquefied glass flowing. This glass was formed by the combination of sand and salt. Historically, the first method of producing glass-like luster on utensils was invented in Mesopotamia (Iraq) about 12,000 years before Christ. The oldest glass-molded amulets have been found in Egypt, dating back 7,000 BCE. About 1,200 BCE, the Egyptians began pressing glass into open molds, and by this method Glass plates, bowls, etc. were made. Egypt remained the center of glass manufacturing from 1,550 BCE to the beginning of the Christian era. The process of blowing hot glass by blower was a great invention of man and the credit for this also goes to the Phoenicians. The period of this invention is 320-20 years before BC. Through this invention, many types of hollow glass vessels were made. In fact, this process is also used in modern glass manufacturing machines. The commercial expansion of the glass industry starts from the Christian era. Its manufacture reached its climax in Rome and Venice regions of Italy. With its requirements and scientific advances, progress in the manufacture of glass of different qualities was made in each country. England, France, Germany and the United States of America owe much of the credit for the modern progress of the glass industry. For example, in 1557 AD, sisal crystal was invented in London; In 1668, the method of casting plate glass was invented in Paris; In the year 1880, many types of glass were invented in Germany by Schatt and Evie; In 1879, a fully automatic glass-making machine, the oven, was built; In 1915, heat-resistant 'Pyrex' glass was created, which does not crack even when heated and immersed in cold water; In the year 1928, safe glass (safety glass) was manufactured, which cracks when injured, but its pieces do not fall apart. It is installed in motorcars; In 1931 AD, glass threads and fabrics were manufactured; In 1902, sheet glass began to be manufactured in the city of Pittsburgh in the United States of America and in Belgium by the 'Libby Owens' and 'Fourcult' systems.